E-commerce, or electronic commerce, is the buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the internet. It encompasses a wide range of online business activities, including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer (C2C), and consumer-to-business (C2B) transactions. E-commerce has become a dominant force in the global economy, with businesses of all sizes leveraging online platforms to reach customers worldwide.